Every Zimbabwean, including Finance Minister Mthuli Ncube, and President Emmerson Mnangagwa, who on January 12 announced steep fuel price hikes as part of government’s “Austerity for Prosperity” plan need to familiarize themselves with Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceausescu.

In Togo, the coming months will likely remain tenuous, as the population grows increasingly impatient and combative, and determined to end the country's 52 years of single-family rule.

Despite winning with a miraculous 71% of the vote, President Biya’s external legitimacy is perhaps at the lowest level of his 36-year reign.

To be sure, reclaiming peace in Cameroon, and in turn, the Central African region, is of paramount importance today and moving forward. It is manifestly evident that the Biya government is both unwilling and incapable of achieving these necessary ends, which are being demanded by the country’s long beleaguered citizens, as well as neighboring countries.

Too often in Kenya, Big Man politics and the power exercised by those in elected office turns to abuse, rather than to caring for the needs and aspirations of those who queue to vote.

Across Africa, it is the supply side of democracy that is often missing. By focusing efforts on addressing this discrepancy, we can help empower citizens to take local ownership over the democratic process that can ultimately lead to a brighter, more prosperous and stable future for the continent.

Since Museveni seized power in 1986, many of his critics have been detained in unknown locations, beaten within an inch of their lives or died under suspicious circumstances.

The West African nation of Mauritania has never been widely viewed as a paragon of democracy in the region, but recent developments in the country have raised international concern.

That Zimbabwe's military and security apparatus engaged in a brutal crackdown on unarmed protesters - in broad daylight and in full view of international media personnel - once again highlights the severe discrepancy between the government's rhetoric of "unity" and its actions on the ground.

Regardless of the outcome of today's vote in Zimbabwe, the country will have made history.

Although President Issoufou’s election in 2010 and re-election in 2016 were recognized as free and fair, tensions have been noticeably rising ahead of local elections in January 2020 and an expected presidential vote later in December.